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History of France The Greeks were the first to try to settle in the Celtic Gaul. They managed to establish a small colony in Marseille in 600 B.C. Then the Romans invaded Gaul lead by Julius Caesar in the Gallic Wars from 58 to 51 B.C. The Romans improved agriculture, cattle-breeding, and urban development. During the second century A.D. the Romans brought Christianity. By the third century A.D. the Romans power began to decline. In the fourth century A.D. Barbarians invaded from the East. Clovis, King of the Franks changed to Christianity. His power brought unity to Gaul and started the Merovingian dynasty. The Merovingians were the first dynasty to rule most of what is today France, Charles Martel was the first leader of the Caralingian dynasty. He stopped the Muslim advance from Spain in 732 A.D. Charlemagne continued the expansion and conquered most of Germany and Italy. Shortly after h