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Mars is one of the nice planets of the solar system. It is one of the four inner planets, and is the fourth planet from the sun. The orbit of Mars is larger than that on Earth, since it is about 50 million miles father from the sun. Mars’ average distance from the sun is 142 million miles, which is 229 million kilometers. Its diameter is 4,215 miles, which is 6,783 kilometers, its period of revolution is 687 days, and it has two satellite moons. Mars does have an atmosphere; however, since Mars is much smaller than the earth, its surface gravity is only 38% of the Earth’s. With such a low force of gravity, Mars cannot hold a very dense atmosphere. The Martian surface air pressure is much less than the Earth’s. Its very thin atmosphere and scarcity of water vapor rule out the possibility of large amounts of liquid water on the surface. Mars has polar ice caps, which contain both water ice and frozen carbon dioxide. They vary in size with the changing seasons. Mars is reddish in color and was definite surface features, which were recognized and speculated about as early as the mid-seventeenth century. Study of these features has enabled astronomers to measure with precision the period of axial rotation of Mars as 24 hours