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Argentina Argentina is located in southern South America between Uruguay and Chile. Argentina claims the Falkland Islands and other smaller islands in the southern Atlantic, as well as part of Antarctica, making it the second largest country in the continent. With a total population of 36,648,000, Argentina has over 34 people per square foot. The largest city, Buenos Aires, is the also the capital. 89% of the country is urban, with a mere 11% rural. The official language is Spanish, but many citizens speak other languages, as well. The highest elevation is Aconcagua, which is 22,834 feet high. The lowest elevation is Valdes Peninsula, and is only 131 feet high. The annual population growth has been estimated at 1.15%. The main ethnic groups are white (Italians and Spaniards) at 97%, while mestizo and Amerindian are 3%. History Before the English arrived in the 1600's, the Indians of the area simply farmed and were constantly on the move. In 1516, the first settlement was made by Juan Dfaz de Sol (Spain), while looking for a southwest passage to Asia. After being killed by the Indians, his party returned to Spain. In 1526, Sebastian Cabot, searched for silver after spotting the local Indians with it. As Argent