Bunsaku Arakatsu, a personal friend and former student of Albert Einstein, had the most powerful branch of the navy secretly advance him some money for a project on a uranium bomb. Arakatsu had theorized the great energy of an atom. In 1939 Albert Einstein wrote a letter to the president of the United States, Franklin Roosevelt. In the letter, Roosevelt warned that it was possible that the Germans were ahead of the United States in the production in the bomb. After the letter was written , a lab in Chicago was set up. "Chicago ended up being the primary research site for the atomic bomb" (Wilcox, 82).
In July 1941 began a race to produce an atomic weapon ahead of the Germans and in time to be used during the war. A director of a research, Nobel prize winner, Arthur H. Compton, made a time schedule for the project in January 1942:
-By July 1942, to determine whether a chain reaction was possible.
-By January 1943, to achieve the first (controlled) chain reaction.
-By January 1944, to extract the first element 94 from uranium.
-By January 1945, to have a bomb. ( Spector, 551)(Hewlett and Anderson, The New World ).
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atomic bomb
atomic bomb. In early August 1945, the atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese city Hiroshima . ... The atomic bomb was necessary to end the war. ... (1361 5
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Atomic Bomb
Atomic Bomb. ... Many also felt that no matter what, Japan would lose the war. Atomic Bomb, or no Atomic Bomb, Japan would soon be defeated. ... (11645
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Atomic Bomb
Atomic Bomb. ... It marks the worldamp39s first use of an atomic bomb, which was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima by the US Military. ... (12415
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Atomic Spectra
Atomic Spectra. Astronomy and Atomic SpectraEarly astronomers could not go into space in order to study stars. The only way they ... (4472
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The Atomic Bomb
The Atomic Bomb. ... Many also felt that no matter what, Japan would lose the war. Atomic Bomb, or no Atomic Bomb, Japan would soon be defeated. ... (11645
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The first development program for the atomic bomb started in Britain. The British program and the American program for atomic bombs were joined together. The two moved the research to the United States. They did this so that they can take advantage of the resources of the American Industry. Also, it was safe from the German bombing. There was a little angry exchange of words between Churchill and Roosevelt during the alliance of wartime. Britain was upset with the United States because of a refusal to share information with British atomic scientists.
( Wilcox, 82). Six thousand dollars was available to start the research on the bomb. (Moss, 22).
When The United States dropped the bombs they were not exactly thinking about the future and the long term effects. The United States bombed Hiroshima on short term factors. Such as, saving thousands of American lives. For maximum psychological impact, both bombs were used in quick succession, one over Hiroshima and one over Nagasaki. These cities had not been previously bombed, and therefore the bombs"tm damage could be accurately assessed. The United States estimates the number of killed in Hiroshima at 66,000 to 78,000 and in Nagasaki at 39,000. The Japanese estimates gave a combined total of 240,000. "The alternative for the United States would have been to try to invade the main island of Japan, where many more American lives would have been taken." (Moss , 22). The dropping of the bomb on Nagasaki was the final scare from the United States to Japan.
The Manhattan Project was put under the direction of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. This was headed by the president"tms top scientific advisor, Vannevar Bush. "In July 1941, Bush reported that if one should be perfected, an atomic explosive appeared feasible, its use in a war could quite possibly determine the outcome of the war."( Spector, 551). The Original members of the Atomic Energy Commission of independent agency initially did not tell the military either the number or how big the bombs that were being made were. (Hersh, 84). Now that the United States had started their production of the atomic bomb, it was a race with the Germans, who were perceived to have a two year advant
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