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Title: Motivation 1. Introduction Motivating employees is a key issue for most managers. In order to achieve a high level of performance and productivity, managers nowadays are inclined to pay more attention on this issue. Different employees need different motivation. This assignment will first look at the different characteristics of professional workers and lower level contingent workers. It will also address the different motivation approaches which are generally used by managers towards these two different groups. And then, by applying a set of motivation theories, we will explain why managers should use such different methods. 2. Characteristics of professional workers and lower level contingent workers According to Robbins(1998), professional workers are the employees who usually have specialist knowledge, own a permanent working status and tend to be well-paid in an organization, such as software engineers and accountants . On the other hand, lower level contingent workers are usually the people who lack of specialist skills, work part-time involuntarily due to redundancy and tend to be paid at a relatively low level. Professional workers are often placed to important positions and take more respon