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Excessive Retribution: Killing convicted murderers satisfies valid retributive needs and desires either in society at large or in the specific victim. For this reason the death penalty cannot be viewed as excessive retribution. Immanuel Kant was a proponent of strong retribution. “Evil must be repaid with evil, a restoration of the moral balance. Whoever has committed murder must die, there is no juridical substitute or surrogate, that can be given or taken for the satisfaction of justice.â