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African American's Great Migration to a better Economy and Freedom After the Reconstruction era the African American’s population changed in the south during the 19th and early 20th centuries. This movement was quite radical in that they moved from the Southern states towards the Northern and Western states. This caused the African American populations to change in the South quite drastically and changed the population in the other area’s to change drastically too. The Jim Crow laws were a big reason why the African Americans moved. These laws legalized discrimination and local segregation. These laws were a way for the whites to control the blacks and maintain a white supremacy in the South. The blacks could not sit in the same area on the railways as the whites, they had separate public restrooms, could not eat in w