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The political debate on United States immigration policy begun more than a hundred years ago remains alive today because the economic and cultural impacts of continue to be disputed. Nowhere can the day-to-day impact of immigration be more evident that in Texas where illegal workers cross back and forth daily. Unauthorized workers are an enduring component of the Houston work force despite attempts by the Immigration Department to restrict their migration into the city. In 1986, Congress moved to reduce unauthorized migration by eliminating U.S. employment opportunities for unauthorized workers. Soon after the IRCA began levying fines on U.S. employers who hired unauthorized workers. Despite this since a commitment by many employers had been made to over 1.5 million unauthorized workers amnesty was granted to those could show U.S. residence since 1982. The debate on illegal immigration grows though primarily through three concerns. First, the lifting of discriminatory quotas and restrictive ceilings in 1965 resulted in substantial growth of migration to the United States, a radical change in origin countries, and a decline in the average skill level of immigrants (Wong 1985; Portes and Bach 1985; Borjas 1990). Second, the Immigra