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Climate and Geography The Republic of South Africa has both a diverse topography and a varying climate. During the winter, the days are warm with no clouds and the nights are frosty and cold. The summer days are full of frequent thunderstorms, product of the wind currents, and searing heat. Along the coast there is usually a dense fog that is dangerous to ships. The rainfall is unreliable, so wells and dams are used for water. The highest point is Champagne Castle, and of the few year-round rivers there are four main ones: Limpopo, Orange, Tugela, and Vaal. There is a small coastal strip that borders the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Most of the land is a flat grassland plateau that turns into a desert farther North. There is a bit of forest in the south. As you can see, the climate and the geography of the Republic o