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-Thermodynamics-branch of physics dealing with processes and laws governing the transformation of heat into other forms of energy, heat<--->mechanical work. -Some names of thermo-Rumford, Davy, Carnot, R.J. Meyer, James Joule-Kelvin/Clausis-thermo theory, Gibbs. -Thermo-study of macroscopic systems-micro systems include mass, velocity, and KE-marco level includes-temp, vol, pressure, thermoconductivity, viscosity, heat capacity. -Maxwell-1859-distribution of the speed of molecules in a gas. -Statistical Mechanics-study of the avg. motion, looks at the distribution an example being Maxwell distrib. -Kinetic theory-looks at the same thing as the above example but for each molecule per particle, describes the behavior of, and the velocity, mass, mom, KE,-1872 Boltzmann. -Internal energy of a sys.-system-avg. collection of objects you want to consider, v, pi=mipi, PE, within the sys., internal to the sys. Ignore external f