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Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848 as a call-to-arms against all the “bourgeois” oppressors. This short, yet powerful document is considered the first definitive expression of communist doctrine. At the time, Marx was 29 and Engels was 27, and they were still youthful idealists when it came to politics and the possibilities of reform and revolution. Marx and Engels belonged to the third generation of the ‘great Romantic current in European thought and culture’ and therefore all of their convictions were idealistic and Romantic in design. Expanding on the philosophical ideas of their predecessor, Hegel, who was also a Romantic intellectual, Marx and Engels confidently predict the turmoil that had yet to begin with their The Communist Manifesto. In fact, the year The Communist Manifesto was published