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Autism Autism is one of the mental, emotional, and behavior disorders that appears in early childhood. Autism, or autistic disorder, almost always develops within the first 3 years of a child's life. Children and adolescents with autism cannot interact normally with other people. Autism affects many aspects of their growing up. Children with and adolescents with autism usually have a difficult time communicating with others, they like doing things like rocking back and forth, head banging, or touching or twirling objects, they have a limited amount of interests and activities, and they may become upset at a small change in their environment or daily routine. Although symptoms of autistic disorder sometimes can be seen in early infancy, autism can appear after months of normal infancy. In most cases, it is not possible to identify any specific event that triggers autistic disorder. About 7 in every 10 children and adolescents with autistic disorder also have mental retardation or other problems with their brains. Studies say that as many as 14 children out of 10,000 may have autism or a related condition. About 125,000 Americans are affected by these disorders, and nearly 4,000 families across the country have two or m