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Vase painters were confronted with the problem of applying a two-dimensional technique to a three dimensional object. A number of vase painters have been successful in arranging their compositions to suit the available space. Some black figure artists include, Exekias: kylix, Exekias: belly amphora and Lydos vase. A number of red figure artists have also been successful, including: Euthymides, The Kleophrades Painter: pointed amphora, The Berlin Painter: volute krater, Makron and Euphronois. A white ground artist which has also been successful is The Penthesileia Painter: pyxis. One of the many successful black figure artists includes Exekias. One of the vases Exekias decorated was a kylix. In this particular vase Exekias uses the available space very successfully in order to arrange his composition. Exekias has decorated this vase with an intricate series of patterns in order to accentuate the shape of the vase. A series of concentric lines and bands have been painted at the base of the bowl in black and purple. A band of small stylized rays runs beneath these. He carefully separates the base of the vase from the rest of the bowl with a fillet or a band of rolled clay, using all the space wisely. Two elaborately painted pai