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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), also called Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), is a disorder that affects 3-5% of children in the U.S. Characteristics of the affected children include constant motion, the inability to keep their minds on one thing, and acting before they think. Other symptoms include trouble with friends, school, and family. In the past, treatment has involved mostly the administration of drugs such as Ritalin, Devedrine, Cylert, or Adderal. However, ADHD is typically diagnosed by observing a child’s behavior, and many believe that this is not an accurate test, since some children could just have a naturally lower attention span. So before scientists are able to correctly diagnose ADHD, they need to understand whether it is “nature,” meaning ADHD is mostly caused by genetics and/or brain abnormalities, or “nurture,” meaning the disorder is mostly caused by poor parenting or a dysfunctional home environment. Those supporting “nature” argue that brain size is about 5% smaller in affected children. The two areas co