He also made theoretical studies of the pressure exerted on small, solid particles by radiation.
Schwarzschild made fundamental contributions to theoretical physics and to relativity. He was one of the great pioneers in developing the theory of atomic spectra proposed by Niels Bohr. Schwarzschild developed the general rules quantization, gave the complete theory of the Stark effect, and initiated the quantum theory of molecular spectra.
Schwarzschild gave the first exact solution of Einsteins general gravitational equations, which led to a description of geometry of space in the neighborhood of a mass point. He also laid the foundation of the theory of black holes by using the general equations to demonstrate that bodies of sufficient mass would have an escape velocity exceeding the speed of light and would not be directly observable.
In 1896 he joined the Kuffner observatory as an assistant. While there he concerned himself with an astrograph that had been mounted on the great refractor. He was concerned with the blackening of the photographic sheet. After long exposure times he managed t
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Karl Schwarzschild published his first paper on the theory of orbits at the age of sixteen, then studied at Strasbourg, then at Munich where he obtained hid doctorate with a dissertation on an application of Poincares theory of stable configurations of rotating bodies to tidal deformation of moons and to Laplaces origin of the solar system.
In 1896 he joined the Kuffner observatory as an assistant. While there he concerned himself with an astrograph that had been mounted on the great refractor. He was concerned with the blackening of the photographic sheet. After long exposure times he managed to refine the model of the photographic blackening process by introducing an exponent of exposure time. This empirical exponent is now a days called the Schwarzschildexponent and is well known in astrophotography.
Shortly after Schwarzschilds work on his papers, he died of a rare metabolic disorder.
In 1915 when Einstein first proposed his field equations, the equations appeared so complicated that he did not believe that a solution would ever be found. He was therefore quite surprised when only a year later Schwarzschild discovered one by making the assumption of spherical symmetry.
At a meeting of the German Astronomical Society in Heidelberg in 1900 he discussed the possibility that space was non-Euclidean. From 1901 to 1909 he was a professor at Gottingen where he collaborated with Klein, Hilbert and Minkowski. Schwarzschild published on electrodynamics and geometrical optics during his time at Gottingen. In 1906 he studied the transport of energy through a star by radiation. From Gottingen he went to
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