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Our country is witnessing the significant impact alcohol-related birth defects are having on our society. These birth defects are caused by maternal use of alcohol during pregnancy which are irreversible, yet preventable. According to The National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the name given to a group of physical and mental birth defects that are the direct result of a woman's drinking during pregnancy." It impacts the family, education system, health system and social services in general, as well as individual losses. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is considered the most common known cause of mental retardation in the Western World. There is no known cure for this disorder. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the only cause of birth defects that are totally one hundred percent preventable. Through education and intervention these defects can be stopped. In knowing how Fetal Alcohol syndrome can be prevented, what the symptoms are, and who and what makes up the risk factors Fetal Alcohol syndrome can be better understood. Americans need to consider the life of their children, and need to learn about fetal alcohol syndrome, know its effects, and how to diagnose it. Let’s begin by looking at