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Schools of Thoughts in Psychology Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. There are many different schools of thoughts in psychology. Also, there are many different theorists in psychology that played a huge role in some of the beliefs. Even though, psychology is widely studied in America, some of the main people were from different countries. There are many different types of school of thought: functionalism, structuralism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, and humanism, cognitive, biological, and evolutionary. Englishman Edward Bradford Titchener gave the name structuralism to this first school of thought in psychology, which aimed at analyzing the basic elements, or the structure, of conscious mental experience. Structuralism was most severely criticized for its primary method, introspection. As structuralism was losing its influence in the United States, a new school of psychology called functionalism was taking place. The influential work of Charles Darwin was largely responsible for an increasing use of animals in psychological experiments. William James was an advocate of functionalism even t