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Genetics The first in-depth study of genetics was done by Charles Darwin in the mid 1800s. Since then we have learned, and continue to learn, even more about the fascinating and mysterious world of genetics. Deoxyribo Nucleic Aced also known as DNA is the basis of the human body. DNA is 500 times thinner than a strand of hair. It is shaped like a twisted ladder called a double helix. The rungs of the ladder are called nucleotides and are classified by letters (A, L, T, G) and each DNA strand is made of many letters. The letters form words, the words form sentences, and these sentences are our genes. DNA is packed