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WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATIONALISM AND INDUSTIALISATION? PERRENNIALISM One of the original theories on the emergence of nationalism is perrennialism, which concentrates heavily on the history of nations, which are seen as stretching back for centuries. A.D. Smith states that the perrenialist perspective “regarded national sentiments and consciousness as fundamental elements of historical phenomena”. Historians would recall such events as the activities of past leaders in antiquity and the medieval era, the decline and rebirth of their nation, and the glorious future, when highlighting the importance of history within the framework of nationalism. It saw the nation as a popular community that reflected the needs and the ideals of the people and saw the nation as a seamless whole with a single will and character. Ancestral ties and culture were of huge import