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People often refer to Africa as the Dark Continent, meaning that Africans were uncivilized, unsophisticated, and ignorant people. West Africa, East Africa, and ancient Zimbabwe are examples that refute this stereotype. The Dark Continent would not be an accurate label for Ancient Africa. West Africa consisted mainly of three empires: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. They had intelligent people that contributed to their culture and structures that resemble to a nowadays-city. In Kumbi Saleh, Ghana, there was a fortress built that was guarded by many soldiers to protect the city, which is similar to the cities today in modern countries with their own military force. The successor of Sonni Ali, the king of Songhai, called Askia Muhamma