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Abstract This paper is about the similarities and differences of cultures in Chinese and English idioms and their translation, pointing out that, due to the differences in geographical environments, historical developments, social systems, religious beliefs and customs and traditions, there are existent unique elements in Chinese and English. Then some methods are put forward to their translation. Introduction Edward Burnett Tylor, a British social anthropologist, said in his Primitive Culture (1871), “Culture is a kind of complexity. It includes knowledge, belief, art, moral, law, custom and some habits formed by living in a certain society…”thus we can find that culture covers a wide area, it is a complex system. And language, as a part of culture, reflects a colorful national culture. Mr. Zhu Guang-qian said in his About Translation, “In the foreign culture, the most difficult thing to understand and translate is the associate meaning…” “It has special atmosphere of sense, and it is profound and delicate. We cannot find them in the dictionary,